On determining uncertainties of magnetic resonance sounding estimated transmissivities for groundwater modeling

The nuclear magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) method is used increasingly as a tool for hydrological investigations. Compared to other geophysical methods, the advantage of MRS is that it is directly sensitive to the presence of water in the subsurface. Data interpretations can also be used to get information about the subsurface pore structures, which under special conditions can be related to hydraulic properties such as aquifer transmissivity. However, to broaden the usage of this information in hydrological modeling, the uncertainties related to these transmissivity estimates must be determined. Otherwise, properly balanced weights cannot be given to the prior information obtained from MRS transmissivity estimates as compared to the hydrological data sets when used for groundwater model calibration. We have developed a methodology to estimate the uncertainties of MRS-based transmissivity estimates. Compared to previous studies, the methodology is well defined, and it takes into account important factors such as the uncertainties of the hydraulically estimated transmissivities, the uncertainty of the correlation factor in the petrophysical relation, and the uncertainties and correlations of the geophysically estimated parameters. We have determined the correlations and uncertainties of the geophysical parameters using a linear and a nonlinear method, and we find that the results are comparable.