TY - JOUR
T1 - Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) distributions from soil to cave
T2 - Refining the speleothem paleothermometer
AU - Baker, Andy
AU - Blyth, Alison J.
AU - Jex, Catherine N.
AU - Mcdonald, James A.
AU - Woltering, Martijn
AU - Khan, Stuart J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP110102124. Blyth was supported by an Australian Institute of Science and Engineering Research Fellowship. We would like to acknowledge the support of Yarrangobilly Caves management and staff.
Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP110102124 . Blyth was supported by an Australian Institute of Science and Engineering Research Fellowship . We would like to acknowledge the support of Yarrangobilly Caves management and staff.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/10
Y1 - 2019/10
N2 - The glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) paleothermometer has potential application as a speleothem paleoclimate proxy. However, the sources of GDGTs found in speleothems are poorly understood, with multiple potential sources of GDGTs from the soil to the speleothem surface. Here we analysed GDGTs in soils, soil leachates, in-cave surfaces and cave drip waters at two Australian montane caves. We observed significantly different GDGT distributions between soils, soil leachates, in-cave surfaces and drip waters and significant spatial differences in in-cave GDGT distributions. Comparison with published modern in-cave and karst groundwater GDGT datasets from Australia, Europe and China shows that speleothem GDGT distributions are different from those of all potential sources. We hypothesise that speleothem surfaces have a calcifying, alkaline, oxic, wet, carbon-available, environment that supports a microbial community that is different from other possible karst GDGT sources. We propose that the presence of GDGTs related to anoxic or methanogenic conditions, and observed in cave drip water and on in-cave surfaces, can be used to identify GDGTs from these sources. We confirm that TEX86 based paleothermometers are robust speleothem GDGT paleothermometers, whose calibration can be further refined through improved understanding and measurement of cave temperatures.
AB - The glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) paleothermometer has potential application as a speleothem paleoclimate proxy. However, the sources of GDGTs found in speleothems are poorly understood, with multiple potential sources of GDGTs from the soil to the speleothem surface. Here we analysed GDGTs in soils, soil leachates, in-cave surfaces and cave drip waters at two Australian montane caves. We observed significantly different GDGT distributions between soils, soil leachates, in-cave surfaces and drip waters and significant spatial differences in in-cave GDGT distributions. Comparison with published modern in-cave and karst groundwater GDGT datasets from Australia, Europe and China shows that speleothem GDGT distributions are different from those of all potential sources. We hypothesise that speleothem surfaces have a calcifying, alkaline, oxic, wet, carbon-available, environment that supports a microbial community that is different from other possible karst GDGT sources. We propose that the presence of GDGTs related to anoxic or methanogenic conditions, and observed in cave drip water and on in-cave surfaces, can be used to identify GDGTs from these sources. We confirm that TEX86 based paleothermometers are robust speleothem GDGT paleothermometers, whose calibration can be further refined through improved understanding and measurement of cave temperatures.
KW - Cave
KW - GDGT
KW - Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers
KW - Paleothermometer
KW - Speleothem
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069969731&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.06.011
DO - 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.06.011
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85069969731
SN - 0146-6380
VL - 136
JO - Organic Geochemistry
JF - Organic Geochemistry
M1 - 103890
ER -