A new dataset and empirical relationships between magnitude/intensity and epicentral distance for liquefaction in central-eastern Sicily

Strong earthquakes can trigger several phenomena inducing soil deformation, such as liquefaction, ground fracturing and landslides, which can often cause more damage than the seismic shaking itself. A research performed on numerous historical accounts reporting description of seismogeological effects in central-eastern Sicily, allowed the authors to update the previous liquefaction datasets. 75 liquefaction-induced phenomena observed in 26 sites, triggered by 14 earthquakes, have been used to define relationships between intensity/ magnitude values and epicentral distance from the liquefied sites. The proposed upper bound-curves, at regional scale for central-eastern Sicily, are realized by using the updating liquefaction dataset and also the new CPT104 Italian earthquake parametric catalogue. These relationship can be useful in hazard assessment to evaluate the minimum energy of an earthquake inducing liquefactions.