TY - JOUR
T1 - Univariate and multivariate characterization of heavy fuel oil weathering and biodegradation in soil
AU - Lamberts, Rasmus F.
AU - Johnsen, Anders R.
AU - Andersen, Ole
AU - Christensen, Jan H.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Peter Christensen (Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University) for technical assistance and Kathleen Gail Jensen (Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen) for proofreading. This study was supported financially by the Danish Natural Science Research Council (grant for GC–MS instrument); by the Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (BIOPRO project, Rasmus F. Lamberts and Ole Andersen); by the Villum Kann Rasmussen Foundation (CREAM project, Anders R. Johnsen), and by the Torkil Holm Foundation (Jan H. Christensen).
PY - 2008/11
Y1 - 2008/11
N2 - Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) of petrogenic origin are widespread contaminants of the environment. We investigated the weathering and biodegradation of fuel oil PACs in microcosms that contained natural soil or natural soil primed by adding bioremediated soil to a 2% concentration. In the primed soil, lag-phases were shorter, and biodegradation was more pronounced. To describe PAC degradation, changes in the relative distribution of PACs and changes in isomer ratios, that are specific for biodegradation, were determined by univariate and multivariate techniques. A multivariate approach based on normalized areas or isomer ratios, in combination with principal component analysis, provided the most detailed description of weathering and biodegradation. In particular, the sequence of degradation of PACs was more transparent when using the multivariate approach. We also identified new diagnostic ratios of dimethylphenanthrenes for use in the study of moderately and severely biodegraded samples.
AB - Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) of petrogenic origin are widespread contaminants of the environment. We investigated the weathering and biodegradation of fuel oil PACs in microcosms that contained natural soil or natural soil primed by adding bioremediated soil to a 2% concentration. In the primed soil, lag-phases were shorter, and biodegradation was more pronounced. To describe PAC degradation, changes in the relative distribution of PACs and changes in isomer ratios, that are specific for biodegradation, were determined by univariate and multivariate techniques. A multivariate approach based on normalized areas or isomer ratios, in combination with principal component analysis, provided the most detailed description of weathering and biodegradation. In particular, the sequence of degradation of PACs was more transparent when using the multivariate approach. We also identified new diagnostic ratios of dimethylphenanthrenes for use in the study of moderately and severely biodegraded samples.
KW - Biodegradation
KW - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
KW - Multivariate data analysis
KW - Oil weathering
KW - Polycyclic aromatic compounds
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=46849089801&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.02.008
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.02.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 18395952
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 156
SP - 297
EP - 305
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
IS - 2
ER -