The size of the Greenland Ice Sheet during Marine Isotope Stage 3

Ice-sheet volume during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 (57-29 ka) is controversial. Several recent studies have proposed that the Greenland Ice Sheet was smaller during MIS 3 than it is today based on radiocarbon ages of molluscan bivalve shells reworked into sedimentary deposits adjacent to the present ice margin. Such a result contrasts with available records of MIS 3 climate, ice volume, and sea level. We revisited a site previously interpreted as containing evidence for smaller than present ice during MIS 3. We collected marine bivalve shells and combined progressive acid dissolution in preparation for radiocarbon dating with new-generation amino acid analysis, which focuses on aspartic acid racemization. Our results suggest that contamination by young carbon yields finite radiocarbon ages despite bivalve shells likely dating to MIS 5e (â1/4125 ka) or even older. This result should be further tested, which could be accomplished with additional studies of this kind in combination with ice-sheet modeling and additional paleoclimate data generated from adjacent seas.