TY - JOUR
T1 - Gold occurrences of the Archean North Atlantic craton, southwestern Greenland: A comprehensive genetic model
AU - Kolb, Jochen
AU - Dziggel, Annika
AU - Schlatter, Denis M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper largely benefitted from discussions with Henrik Stendal, Bo Møller Stensgaard, Jeroen van Gool, and Alexander F.M. Kisters. Susanne Rømer is thanked for her help in drawing the figures. Reviewers R.J. Goldfarb and D.I. Groves, and associate editor S. Rowins are acknowledged for their constructive and incisive comments, which have resulted in significant improvements to the paper. The project was jointly funded by the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum in Nuuk and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland . This paper is published with permission from the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - The North Atlantic craton of southwestern Greenland hosts several orogenic gold occurrences, although, to date, none is in production. Four gold provinces are distinguished and include Godthåbsfjord, Tasiusarsuaq, Paamiut, and Tartoq. In the Godthåbsfjord gold province, the hypozonal gold occurrences are aligned along the major ca. 2660-2600. Ma Ivinnguit fault. Orogenic gold mineralization correlates temporally with, and is related to, ductile deformation along this first-order structure. The northern part of the Tasiusarsuaq gold province is characterized by small hypozonal gold occurrences that are controlled by 2670-2610. Ma folds and shear zones. Auriferous fluids were focused into the structures in both gold provinces during west-directed accretion of the Kapisilik terrane (2650-2580. Ma) to the already amalgamated terranes of the North Atlantic craton. In the southern part of the Tasiusarsuaq gold province, hypozonal gold mineralization is hosted in back-thrusts (Sermilik prospect) and thrusts (Bjørnesund prospect) that formed at 2740. Ma and 2860-2830. Ma, respectively. The deformation is related to the ca. 2850. Ma accretion of the Sioraq block and the Tasiusarsuaq terrane, and the 2800-2700. Ma accretion of the Tasiusarsuaq terrane and the Færingehavn and Tre Brødre terranes. Mesozonal orogenic gold mineralization is hosted in an accretionary complex in the Paamiut and Tartoq gold provinces. Gold occurrences cluster over a strike extent of approx. 40. km in thrusts and complex strike-slip settings in lateral ramps. The timing of the E-vergent terrane accretion in both areas is unknown, and could either be at ca. 2850. Ma or 2740. Ma. In the eastern part of the Paamiut gold province, quartz veins and associated alteration zones were overprinted by granulite facies metamorphism and show evidence for partial melting. These outermost parts of the accretionary complex were involved in burial-exhumation tectonics during crustal accretion. Mainly three different orogenic stages related to gold mineralization are distinguished in the North Atlantic craton between ca. 2850. Ma and 2610. Ma. These are generally accretionary tectonic episodes, and gold mineralization is hosted either in reactivated fault systems between terranes or accretionary complex structures along the deformed cratonic margin. The larger orogenic gold occurrences formed at ca. 2740-2600. Ma that appears to be a period of orogenic gold mineralization globally, although significant gold resources in the North Atlantic craton have yet to be identified.
AB - The North Atlantic craton of southwestern Greenland hosts several orogenic gold occurrences, although, to date, none is in production. Four gold provinces are distinguished and include Godthåbsfjord, Tasiusarsuaq, Paamiut, and Tartoq. In the Godthåbsfjord gold province, the hypozonal gold occurrences are aligned along the major ca. 2660-2600. Ma Ivinnguit fault. Orogenic gold mineralization correlates temporally with, and is related to, ductile deformation along this first-order structure. The northern part of the Tasiusarsuaq gold province is characterized by small hypozonal gold occurrences that are controlled by 2670-2610. Ma folds and shear zones. Auriferous fluids were focused into the structures in both gold provinces during west-directed accretion of the Kapisilik terrane (2650-2580. Ma) to the already amalgamated terranes of the North Atlantic craton. In the southern part of the Tasiusarsuaq gold province, hypozonal gold mineralization is hosted in back-thrusts (Sermilik prospect) and thrusts (Bjørnesund prospect) that formed at 2740. Ma and 2860-2830. Ma, respectively. The deformation is related to the ca. 2850. Ma accretion of the Sioraq block and the Tasiusarsuaq terrane, and the 2800-2700. Ma accretion of the Tasiusarsuaq terrane and the Færingehavn and Tre Brødre terranes. Mesozonal orogenic gold mineralization is hosted in an accretionary complex in the Paamiut and Tartoq gold provinces. Gold occurrences cluster over a strike extent of approx. 40. km in thrusts and complex strike-slip settings in lateral ramps. The timing of the E-vergent terrane accretion in both areas is unknown, and could either be at ca. 2850. Ma or 2740. Ma. In the eastern part of the Paamiut gold province, quartz veins and associated alteration zones were overprinted by granulite facies metamorphism and show evidence for partial melting. These outermost parts of the accretionary complex were involved in burial-exhumation tectonics during crustal accretion. Mainly three different orogenic stages related to gold mineralization are distinguished in the North Atlantic craton between ca. 2850. Ma and 2610. Ma. These are generally accretionary tectonic episodes, and gold mineralization is hosted either in reactivated fault systems between terranes or accretionary complex structures along the deformed cratonic margin. The larger orogenic gold occurrences formed at ca. 2740-2600. Ma that appears to be a period of orogenic gold mineralization globally, although significant gold resources in the North Atlantic craton have yet to be identified.
KW - Archean
KW - Greenland
KW - Hydrothermal gold
KW - Orogenic gold
KW - Orogeny
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84877821244&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.01.019
DO - 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2013.01.019
M3 - Article
SN - 0169-1368
VL - 54
SP - 29
EP - 58
JO - Ore Geology Reviews
JF - Ore Geology Reviews
ER -