Experimental studies of CO₂-brine-rock interaction effects on permeability alteration during CO₂-EOR

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration through CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in oil reservoirs is one way to reduce this gas in the atmosphere. Undesirable chemical reactions that occur during these operations can affect the reservoir structure and characteristics. In this study, the effect of CO₂-water-rock interaction on the rock permeability alteration and final oil recovery has been evaluated experimentally during CO₂ injection into a carbonate rock. The effect of flow rate, displacement type and pressure were investigated during CO₂ EOR injection. Different scenarios of miscible/immiscible displacement, secondary/tertiary recovery has been evaluated for different levels of connate water salinity and injection rate. The results show that the severity of damage is directly related to the injection rate, however change in displacement type from miscible to immiscible reduce the intensity of chemical reactions in porous medium. Moreover, in the tertiary CO₂ injection, the chemical reactions become more severe due to the higher water saturations. Interestingly, this growth in the level of chemical reactions has a negligible impact on permeability reduction, since the major volume of possible reactions occurs in coarse and high permeable pores. Results reveal that damage is more intense in the case of more saline water.