TY - JOUR
T1 - An integrated analysis of Maglemose bone points reframes the Early Mesolithic of Southern Scandinavia
AU - Jensen, Theis Zetner Trolle
AU - Sjöström, Arne
AU - Fischer, Anders
AU - Rosengren, Erika
AU - Lanigan, Liam Thomas
AU - Bennike, Ole
AU - Richter, Kristine Korzow
AU - Gron, Kurt Joseph
AU - Mackie, Meaghan
AU - Mortensen, Morten Fischer
AU - Sørensen, Lasse
AU - Chivall, David
AU - Iversen, Katrine Højholt
AU - Taurozzi, Alberto John
AU - Olsen, Jesper
AU - Schroeder, Hannes
AU - Milner, Nicky
AU - Sørensen, Mikkel
AU - Collins, Matthew James
N1 - Funding Information:
First and foremost, we would like to thank Axel Degn Johansson (Lundby, Denmark), and Uffe Seneca (Kalund-borg, Denmark) for giving us access to their collection of barbed bone points. Additionally, we thank Peter Vang Petersen (The National Museum of Denmark) and Jeppe Boel Jepsen (Vendsyssels Historiske Museum) for access to their collections of barbed bone points. The Centre for Excellence in Mass Spectrometry, University of York, is thanked for access to MALDI-TOF-MS and so is Prof. Jesper Velgaard Olsen at the Novo Nordisk Center for Protein Research for providing access and resources. Karl Håkonsson is thanked for performing isotopic analyses at the Tandem Laboratory, Uppsala University. Likewise, Lisbeth Pedersen (Kalundborg Museum) is acknowledged for access to faunal remains from Mullerup and a barbed point from Ulkestrup Lyng. TZTJ is supported by the European Union’s EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 under Grant Agreement no. 676154 (ArchSci2020). This study was also supported by NERC (NF/2018/1/5 - A chronology for (Danish) Maglemosian bone points). MM, AJT, LTL, and MJC are funded by the Danish National Research Foundation award PROTEIOS (DNRF128). HS was supported by the Villum Foundation (Grant No. 22917). Work at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research is funded in part by a donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (Grant No. NNF14CC0001). Kristian Murphy Gregersen (Natural History Museum of Denmark) is thanked for providing reference material of elk and for access to unpublished radiocarbon dates as well as assistance with sampling. Søren Anker Sørensen (Museum Lolland-Falster) is thanked for providing reference material from red deer. Jan Dixon is also thanked for allowing us to use an unpublished AMS date from Sejerø. We also thank the following for valuable discussion: Harry Robson and Terry O’Connor (both from the University of York).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/10/14
Y1 - 2020/10/14
N2 - The extensive peat bogs of Southern Scandinavia have yielded rich Mesolithic archaeological assemblages, with one of the most iconic artefacts being the bone point. Although great in number they remain understudied. Here we present a combined investigation of the typology, protein-based species composition, and absolute chronology of Maglemosian bone points. The majority of the bone points are made from cervids and bovines. However, changes both in species composition and barb morphology can be directly linked to a paucity of finds lasting nearly 600 years in Southern Scandinavia around 10,300 cal BP. We hypothesize that this hiatus was climate-driven and forced hunter-gatherers to abandon the lakes. Furthermore, the marked change in bone points coincides with a change in lithic technology. We, therefore, propose that the Maglemose culture in Southern Scandinavia is fundamentally divided into an Early Complex and a Late Complex.
AB - The extensive peat bogs of Southern Scandinavia have yielded rich Mesolithic archaeological assemblages, with one of the most iconic artefacts being the bone point. Although great in number they remain understudied. Here we present a combined investigation of the typology, protein-based species composition, and absolute chronology of Maglemosian bone points. The majority of the bone points are made from cervids and bovines. However, changes both in species composition and barb morphology can be directly linked to a paucity of finds lasting nearly 600 years in Southern Scandinavia around 10,300 cal BP. We hypothesize that this hiatus was climate-driven and forced hunter-gatherers to abandon the lakes. Furthermore, the marked change in bone points coincides with a change in lithic technology. We, therefore, propose that the Maglemose culture in Southern Scandinavia is fundamentally divided into an Early Complex and a Late Complex.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092593961&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-74258-8
DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-74258-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 33057088
AN - SCOPUS:85092593961
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
M1 - 17244
ER -